Independent Replications
An independent CCC data collection was completed by Robert Rennie and can be found at the web address https://renniedatascience.com/CCC. This CCC data collection has generally the same experimental design as the original study, with the exception that it is an online data collection and as such it is more automated procedurally. This data collection is ongoing. The following is summary presentation of the results as reported on the site as of 3/13/25
Number of items:
Observed Condition Congruent: 554
Observed Condition Incongruent: 520
Unobserved Condition Congruent: 648
Unobserved Condition Incongruent: 554
Observed Condition
Average response time with congruent primes: 558 ms
Average response time with incongruent primes: 583 ms
Average response time difference: 25 ms
t score: -3.14
p value: .002
Unobserved Condition
Average response time with congruent primes: 563ms
Average response time with incongruent primes: 572ms
Average response time difference: 9 ms
t score: -1.21
p value: .22 (not significant)
t-Score Comparison
Observed Condition t-score: -3.14
Unobserved. Condition t-score: -1.21
Absolute t-score difference: 1.93, p = .027
The results obtained support the CCC interpretation of quantum mechanics. The primes were found to affect participant response times only if they were subject to prior conscious observation. Within the observed condition, items preceded by congruent primes were responded to 25 ms faster than items preceded by incongruent primes. However, within the unobserved condition, items preceded by congruent primes were responded to only 9 ms faster than items preceded by incongruent primes. The results met the criteria for statistical significance in the observed condition (t = -3.14, p =.002), but not the unobserved condition (t = -1.21, p = .224). The absolute difference in the value of the t scores between the conditions was 1.93. This difference is significant. The probability of obtaining this result by chance is .027.
Observed Condition Congruent: 554
Observed Condition Incongruent: 520
Unobserved Condition Congruent: 648
Unobserved Condition Incongruent: 554
Observed Condition
Average response time with congruent primes: 558 ms
Average response time with incongruent primes: 583 ms
Average response time difference: 25 ms
t score: -3.14
p value: .002
Unobserved Condition
Average response time with congruent primes: 563ms
Average response time with incongruent primes: 572ms
Average response time difference: 9 ms
t score: -1.21
p value: .22 (not significant)
t-Score Comparison
Observed Condition t-score: -3.14
Unobserved. Condition t-score: -1.21
Absolute t-score difference: 1.93, p = .027
The results obtained support the CCC interpretation of quantum mechanics. The primes were found to affect participant response times only if they were subject to prior conscious observation. Within the observed condition, items preceded by congruent primes were responded to 25 ms faster than items preceded by incongruent primes. However, within the unobserved condition, items preceded by congruent primes were responded to only 9 ms faster than items preceded by incongruent primes. The results met the criteria for statistical significance in the observed condition (t = -3.14, p =.002), but not the unobserved condition (t = -1.21, p = .224). The absolute difference in the value of the t scores between the conditions was 1.93. This difference is significant. The probability of obtaining this result by chance is .027.